Information Link D: Channels and Acts of Communication
Type D links represent
information flows
D1 Primary Information

Information links are the most flexible and numerous of the four non-personal types. They connect any two nodes. Without a direction, the connection between the pair represents a channel. With a direction, the pair can represent a single communication act from sender to receiver.

As a separate before-after D-link type, formal information flow relationships, like a budget document or audit report, can be used to augment the stronger B-link type process flows to detail actual working relationships and their artifacts
D2 Secondary information
For channels, a dotted-line flow might represent a smaller upstream link alongside a larger downstream pipe, or a mass message capability. For an interaction, the dotted-line represents the response to an initiating (solid-line) communications act
Two nodes may have multiple primary and secondary information relationships
Note: while a channel can be represented as an undirected link, real communications infrastructures are holonarchical; i.e., mapped with directed links
Five elements of an information link
People, positions, groups, organizations, or places (e.g., mailbox, online db) may send or receive messages through multiple channels in any direction along with or independent of the primary workflow links